This dataset presents the relative diatom abundances of 55 species/groups from the 132-120 ka interval in marine sediment core TPC290 (-55.55 degN, -45.02 degE). This age interval corresponds to the peak of Marine Isotope Stage 5e (130- 116 ka). Microscope slides were prepared using a method adapted from Scherer (1994) and 300+ diatom valves were counted for each depth sample to produce the relative percentage abundance of each diatom species/group. This project was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/L002531/1

This dataset presents the relative diatom abundances of 55 species/groups from the 132-120 ka interval in marine sediment core TPC287 (-60.31 degN, -36.65 degE). This age interval corresponds to the peak of Marine Isotope Stage 5e (130- 116 ka). Microscope slides were prepared using a method adapted from Scherer (1994) and 300+ diatom valves were counted for each depth sample to produce the relative percentage abundance of each diatom species/group. This project was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/L002531/1

This dataset documents the trends and variability in the latitude and strength of the belt of lower-atmosphere westerly winds over the Southern Ocean, referred to as the ''westerly jet''. Time series of annual mean and seasonal diagnostics are available for the period 1979-present, specifically time series of seasonal and annual mean jet latitude and strength. The diagnostics are derived from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-Interim reanalysis (for more information see www.ecmwf.int and Dee et al. (2011)), which is an observationally-constrained reconstruction of atmospheric conditions. The broad characterisation of the westerly winds into these simple diagnostics has been found to be useful for understanding long-term climate change due to contrasting drivers of change and impacts on other aspects of the climate system. This is an index of winds around the full circumference of all longitudes at Southern Hemisphere middle latitudes. The exact latitude depends on the position of the jet at any given time, but on average the jet (the core of the westerlies) is located at approximately 52 deg S.

This dataset presents the relative diatom abundances of 56 species/groups from the 132-120 ka interval in marine sediment core U1361A (-64.41 oN, 143.89 oE). This age interval corresponds to the peak of Marine Isotope Stage 5e (130- 116 ka). Microscope slides were prepared using a method adapted from Scherer (1994) and 300+ diatom valves were counted for each depth sample to produce the relative percentage abundance of each diatom species/group. This project was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/L002531/1

This dataset presents the relative diatom abundances of 55 species/groups from the 132-120 ka interval in marine sediment core TPC288 (-59.14 degN, -37.96 degE). This age interval corresponds to the peak of Marine Isotope Stage 5e (130- 116 ka). Microscope slides were prepared using a method adapted from Scherer (1994) and 300+ diatom valves were counted for each depth sample to produce the relative percentage abundance of each diatom species/group. This project was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/L002531/1

This dataset presents the relative diatom abundances of 56 species/groups from the 132-120 ka interval in marine sediment core PC509 (-68.31 degN, -86.03 degE). This age interval corresponds to the peak of Marine Isotope Stage 5e (130- 116 ka). Microscope slides were prepared using a method adapted from Scherer (1994) and 300+ diatom valves were counted for each depth sample to produce the relative percentage abundance of each diatom species/group. This project was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/L002531/1

Faecal pellets and eggs of Antarctic silverfish have been collected over the seasons using a sediment trap deployed on 1998 in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea, Antarctica in the frame of the National Italian Antarctic Research project (PNRA). Antarctic silverfish (ASF) accounts for over 90% of the local fish communities in the Southern Ocean costal area. Samples have been investigated in order to quantify the contribution of fish faecal pellets and eggs to the export of carbon. Funding: CLIMA project (Climatic Long-term Interactions for the Mass Balance in Antarctica) of the Italian National Program for Research in Antarctica.

This dataset presents the relative diatom abundances of 55 species/groups from the 132-120 ka interval in marine sediment core NBP9802-04 (-64.20 degN, -170.08 degE). This age interval corresponds to the peak of Marine Isotope Stage 5e (130- 116 ka). Microscope slides were prepared using a method adapted from Scherer (1994) and 300+ diatom valves were counted for each depth sample to produce the relative percentage abundance of each diatom species/group. This project was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/L002531/1

This dataset presents the relative diatom abundances of 56 species/groups from the 132-120 ka interval in marine sediment core ANTA91-8 (-70.78 degN, 172.83 degE). This age interval corresponds to the peak of Marine Isotope Stage 5e. Microscope slides were prepared using a method adapted from Scherer (1994) and 300+ diatom valves were counted for each depth sample to produce the relative percentage abundance of each diatom species/group. The age model for this dataset has been updated, with new tiepoints between the sediment core magnetic susceptibility and the LR04 benthic delta-O-18 stack selected to improve the graphical alignment. This project was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council Grant NE/L002531/1.

Changes of circulation pattern in the Southern Ocean have been invoked to explain a significant portion of the increase in the atmospheric carbon dioxide during the last deglaciation. However, the accurate timing and thus underlying mechanisms of these changes are still controversial, requiring knowledge of different water masses movements with absolute age constraints. Aragonitic scleractinian deep-sea corals, recovered from a broad range of depths in the Drake Passage, provide a unique opportunity to investigate Southern Ocean ventilation with precise U-Th age control. This data submission includes trace element and delta11B for Drake Passage corals. Funding was provided by the NERC standard grant NE/N003861/1.